Since many woodland wildflowers bloom only briefly in the spring, ferns will add a yearlong structure to the lower plant layer. Look for plants that have been propagated in nurseries and be willing to pay the real cost of the growers’ efforts in bringing these woodland beauties to a saleable size.įerns and delicate fern-like plants look at home in a woodland garden. Some woodland flowers - trilliums, for example - are still being dug from wild places and potted up for sale. Some native plants that actually prefer more sun may survive in the shade, but may not flower, or may grow too tall instead of maintaining a compact form. Look for small trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants that thrive in the shade. Higher elevations often bring more rainfall, so your woodland garden may require more irrigation than other types of native plant gardens. Many of our woodland plants come from the foothills of the Cascade Mountains or Coast Range. About 2 inches of mulch each year will help your garden thrive. Most woodland plants thrive on soil rich in organic matter, so add leaf mulch or composted wood chips to your woodland garden every year if possible. But careful selection and care is essential to making your woodland garden flourish. In fact, many woodland plants do very well in garden settings. Look for the horizontal marks in the bark that look like small cuts that are darker or lighter than the rest of the bark.Many people think of shade or woodland gardens when they think of growing native plants. Their leaves are oval, toothed, and have a point at the top. With the rains swiftly approaching that help to soften the soil and keep young saplings hydrated, it also gives ample time and space for the tree’s and their root systems to properly acclimate before the harsh winter months. Known for their beautiful white or pink blossoms in the spring mature trees take on the shape of an umbrella. The fall season is the best time to plant trees in the Pacific Northwest. While not all species of madrone peel, their leaves are generally oblong in shape with either smooth or serrated edges. With colors ranging from orange to bright green, the peeling trunks of this broadleaf evergreen is this tree’s most distinctive feature. In the fall look for their bright red foliage with dry, winged seeds that resemble canoes. The exceptionally long stem of the silvery or white triangular-shaped leaves causes them to flop and twist in the wind. Their peculiar woody cones (called strobiles) hang from the tree throughout winter while their leaves continue to stay green after they shed.Įach spring the cottonwood fills the air with their cottony fruits. The whitish bark identifies the alder as surely as a flat tail identifies a beaver. Commonly confused with the Douglas-fir, but with a closer look spruces have stiff, prickly needles that are green above and blue-green to white below. Perhaps no other tree is more strongly associated with the coastal zone of the Pacific Northwest. The familiar fragrant wood was known as the “tree of life,” to many of the indigenous peoples of the northwest due to its ability to create tools, clothing, baskets, canoes, house, and totem poles. Its tiny, scale-like foliage appears bright green on the upper side and waxy green beneath. Perhaps the most iconic tree in the Pacific Northwest region the red cedar’s bark is cinnamon-red and relatively thin. Its woody cones are typically one to three inches long and egg-shaped.
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Resembling a large Christmas tree the Hemlock has distinctive droopy tops and branches full of short yellow-green needles with two white bands on their undersides, generally under 1” long.
Look for woody cones with pitchfork-shaped bracts and overlapping scales. On its branches, the green needles are approx. On large trees, the thick bark is gray to brown and deeply furrowed. This iconic Pacific Northwest tree can usually be identified by the bark alone. The fruit is a double samara growing at right angles to one another with fuzzy heads resembling a pair of airplane propellers. The leaves are simple, 5 lobed and veined. Most pine species in the Pacific Northwest, such as Western white and sugar, have five needles per bundle. Different pine species are identified by the amount of needles in a bundle. This tree truly lives up to its name with huge leaves up to a foot wide. The Pacific Northwest pines are lodgepole, whitebark, limber, sugar, knobcone, Ponderosa, Jeffrey and Western white.
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Feel free to skip through the pages to learn more. Our friendly guide to tree spotting will help you discover the 10 most common trees of the Pacific Northwest. The purpose of this site is to help you identify common conifers and broadleaves in the Pacific Northwest. The next time you’re walking among the timber, point your eyes up and discover the many different species of trees surrounding you. “Between every two pines is a doorway to a new world.” – John Muir
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